Modern concepts of cognitive disturbances in depressed patients are discussed. The influence of cognitive dysfunction on the course and prognosis of disorder, quality of remission is shown. The role of cognitive disturbances as one of major targets for antidepressant therapy, aimed not only at reduction of depressive symptoms, but at significant improvement of patients’ social and cognitive functioning as well - at cognitive remission was founded. The results of a pilot study using the clinical scale of evaluation and neuropsychological testing in 30 patients with depression at the age of 32.0±6.9 years in the dynamics of antidepressant therapy were shown.