This study shows the differences in conceptualizing and solving the problem of mind via different philosophical traditions (analytical and continental) and different disciplines, including philosophy of mind, phenomenology, philosophical anthropology, philosophical behaviorism, transcendental philosophy, cognitive science as well as the psychology of consciousness. Within the framework of each tradition and approach, the current study overviews the formulations of the problem of mind, its solutions as well as the opportunities and limitations associated with the used methods. Besides, I examine the possibility of integration of the examined positions and also the possibility of searching for fundamentally new ways of thinking, among other things from the perspective of the modern continental philosophy without phenomenology. The results show that detailed analysis of the structure of the problem of mind, including the actual and the historical-philosophical aspects, allows us to formulate and develop the new approach to the fundamental philosophical problem