The purpose of this article is to analyze the structure of modern geopolitics, the description of the views of the classics, the founders of geopolitics and modern geopoliticians on the structure of this science. The structure of classical geopolitics is represented by the concepts of the German geographer Friedrich Ratzel, the Swedish state scholar Rudolf Chellen and the German geopolitician Erich Obst. Classics of geopolitics do not formulate the structure of their science in a complete form, but the idea of it can be derived by analyzing their works. In particular, Ratzel concluded that to study and understand society, it is necessary to take into account not only its "soil" but also its "blood", to involve data not only from geography, but also from history, anthropology, ethnography, and cultural studies. These scientific disciplines constitute, according to Ratzel, the structure of political geography created by him, or geopolitics. In addition, Ratzel science, as he himself admitted, can be structured