We report an experimentally implemented scheme for the controllable generation of scalar and vector optical vortices using a polarization Mach-Zehnder interferometer incorporating corner-cube retroreflectors. Using this approach, we demonstrate scalar optical vortices with topological charges of ±1 as well as second-order vector optical vortices with axisymmetric polarization structures. Switching between different vortex states is achieved by adjusting the relative optical phase and polarization states in the interferometer arms. Proposed method exhibits high stability, low angular divergence of the generated beams, and does not require spatial light modulators or diffractive optical elements.