TY - JOUR

T1 - Global Empirical Picture of Magnetospheric Substorms Inferred From Multimission Magnetometer Data

AU - Stephens, G. K.

AU - Sitnov, M.

AU - Korth, H.

AU - Tsyganenko, N. A.

AU - Ohtani, S.

AU - Gkioulidou, M.

AU - Ukhorskiy, A. Y.

PY - 2019/2/1

Y1 - 2019/2/1

N2 - Magnetospheric substorms represent key explosive processes in the interaction of the Earth's magnetosphere with the solar wind, and their understanding and modeling are critical for space weather forecasting. During substorms, the magnetic field on the nightside is first stretched in the antisunward direction and then it rapidly contracts earthward bringing hot plasmas from the distant space regions into the inner magnetosphere, where they contribute to geomagnetic storms and Joule dissipation in the polar ionosphere, causing impressive splashes of aurora. Here we show for the first time that mining millions of spaceborne magnetometer data records from multiple missions allows one to reconstruct the global 3-D picture of these stretching and dipolarization processes. Stretching results in the formation of a thin (less than the Earth's radius) and strong current sheet, which is diverted into the ionosphere during dipolarization. In the meantime, the dipolarization signal propagates further into the inner magnetosphere resulting in the accumulation of a longer lived current there, giving rise to a protogeomagnetic storm. The global 3-D structure of the corresponding substorm currents including the substorm current wedge is reconstructed from data.

AB - Magnetospheric substorms represent key explosive processes in the interaction of the Earth's magnetosphere with the solar wind, and their understanding and modeling are critical for space weather forecasting. During substorms, the magnetic field on the nightside is first stretched in the antisunward direction and then it rapidly contracts earthward bringing hot plasmas from the distant space regions into the inner magnetosphere, where they contribute to geomagnetic storms and Joule dissipation in the polar ionosphere, causing impressive splashes of aurora. Here we show for the first time that mining millions of spaceborne magnetometer data records from multiple missions allows one to reconstruct the global 3-D picture of these stretching and dipolarization processes. Stretching results in the formation of a thin (less than the Earth's radius) and strong current sheet, which is diverted into the ionosphere during dipolarization. In the meantime, the dipolarization signal propagates further into the inner magnetosphere resulting in the accumulation of a longer lived current there, giving rise to a protogeomagnetic storm. The global 3-D structure of the corresponding substorm currents including the substorm current wedge is reconstructed from data.

KW - substorms

KW - data mining

KW - current sheet thinning

KW - magnetotail dipolarization

KW - substorm current wedge

KW - storm-substorm relationship

KW - FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS

KW - VAN ALLEN PROBES

KW - GEOMAGNETIC STORMS

KW - MAGNETIC-FIELD

KW - CURRENT SHEET

KW - GROWTH-PHASE

KW - SOLAR-WIND

KW - AURORAL ELECTROJET

KW - SPATIAL STRUCTURE

KW - MAGNETOTAIL

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061587569&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.mendeley.com/research/global-empirical-picture-magnetospheric-substorms-inferred-multimission-magnetometer-data

U2 - 10.1029/2018JA025843

DO - 10.1029/2018JA025843

M3 - статья

VL - 124

SP - 1085

EP - 1110

JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences

JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences

SN - 0148-0227

IS - 2

ER -