The article analyzes the impact of digitalization on the development of a particular country through the example of Russia. Digitalization can only be considered as a trend of effective world development under certain conditions. As the position of any country in the world community is largely determined by the influence of such trend, it becomes relevant to assess the degree of penetration of the digitalization into all aspects of its life. The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) and the International Digital Economy and Society Index (I-DESI) only evaluate the positive results of the influence of digitalization. As negative consequences are possible also, they must be assessed. The article separates the "digitization penetration" concept which only evaluates positive results of digitalization and the "impact of digitization" concept which evaluates both positive and possible negative consequences thereof. The example of Russia in the article reflects not only the penetration, but also the impact of digitalization on Russia's life. Regretfully, the analysis showed insufficient consideration of the possible negative effects of digitalization. The article proposes a list of measures to manage the processes of digitization. Their implementation on the basis of management programs and regulatory environment should ensure positive results of digitization exceeding the possible negative ones. This will correspond to the effective impact of digitization on the economic and social life of Russia.